On the outside, the U.S. and South Korean versions of Samsung Electronics? Galaxy S4 smartphone look alike. But on the inside, there are major differences in key components?including the apps processor, the wireless subsystem and the user interface.
All of these permutations result in significant variations in the capabilities and pricing of the two versions of the two smartphones -- as revealed by a physical dissection of the devices conducted by the IHS iSuppli Teardown Analysis Service.
The U.S. version of the Galaxy S4 with 16 gigabytes (GByte) of NAND flash memory carries a bill of materials (BOM) of $229.00, which rises to $237.00 when the manufacturing cost is added. The Korean edition with the same memory configuration has a BOM of $244.00 and a combined manufacturing and component cost of $252.00.
"This approach is in stark contrast to the one-size-fits-all philosophy used by Apple Inc., Samsung's primary competitor in the wireless space. While the Korean and U.S. versions of the S4 look pretty much the same and have in terms of their core electronics many same core features -- such as the enclosure, display, camera and battery?the products are as different from each other as kimchee and coleslaw," said Vincent Leung, senior analyst, teardown services, for IHS.
One of the biggest differences between the two versions of the Galaxy S4 is the apps processor.
The U.S. version offered by AT&T employs the Qualcomm Snapdragon 600 quad-core processor, costing $20.00. The Korean variation?as well as some other international versions?integrates Samsung?s own Octacore Exynos 5 processor, an eight-core device that costs $8.00 more at $28.00.
The Octacore Exynos 5 enables some processor-intensive applications that are not possible with the Snapdragon processor. These include eye-movement recognition, which allows a user to pause a video simply by looking away from the S4 display.
The Octacore Exynos 5 also features the big.LITTLE architecture developed by ARM Holdings, which consists of four 1.6-gigahertz (GHz) Cortex-A15 "big" cores and four 1.2GHz Cortex-A7 "LITTLE" cores. The big cores?which deliver higher-performance capabilities and use more power -- handle higher-priority tasks or those demanding computational intensity. The LITTLE cores, not as powerful and using less energy, are delegated to lower-priority or less demanding tasks.
Such a configuration allows the big.LITTLE architecture to achieve a balance of performance and power efficiency, making the Korean phone fast and allowing it a long battery life.
The wireless subsystem of the U.S version of the Galaxy S4 costs $1.50 more than the Korean version. The part selection in this subsystem also varies, with the U.S. version using the MDM9215M and WTR1605L devices from Qualcomm. Meanwhile, the Korean version contains Samsung's baseband and radio frequency transceiver and front end.
More noteworthy differences can be found in the respective user interface and sensor subsystems of the Korean and U.S. versions.
The Korean S4 features a Silicon Motion Mobile TV system-on-chip device, whereas the U.S. S4 features a separate Fujitsu image processor to offload the core processor when using the camera processing.
Samsung's Octa-core Exynos 5 likely handles the image processing itself in the Korean version, eliminating the need found in the U.S. version for a separate Fujitsu image processor within the Qualcomm solution. Interestingly, even though the Korean version has added the Mobile TV feature, its user interface and sensor subsystem still costs $2.00 less than the U.S. model with the added Fujitsu image processor.
Still more distinctions can be found in the subsystems containing the wireless local area network (WLAN), Bluetooth (BT), FM radio and global positioning system (GPS).
The Korean and U.S. versions use the Broadcom BCM4335 chip. However, the Korean model requires a discrete BCM47521 from Broadcom to support GPS functionality. The extra Broadcom chip is not in the U.S. carrier version, as the Qualcomm Snapdragon provides onboard GPS functionality.
Because of this, the U.S. version's WLAN/BT/FM/GPS section costs $2.00 less than the Korean version.
One thing that all versions of the Galaxy S4 share is their extensive use of Samsung-made componentry.
"No other company in the world has an internal supply chain like Samsung's," Leung said. "The display, memory, apps processor, baseband, RF transceiver, cameras, power amplifier and a range of other parts -- all these make Samsung unique in its capability to supply key parts and capture so much value in a mobile device."
An IHS virtual teardown of the 16GByte of the U.S. version of the Galaxy S4 smartphone initially estimated its BOM at $233.00, rising to $241.00 when the manufacturing cost is added. The physical teardown mostly confirmed the pricing and design predictions made in the virtual teardown, with some minor exceptions.